Applications in the Petroleum industry

The following are just some of the applications and minerals that can be identified in the infrared range used by the SpecCam

Stratigraphic logging
Variations in mineral distribution can improve well to well correlation through better definition of sedimentary and diagenetic sequences

Wireline calibration
Investigate gamma and resistivity variations due to changes in clay type (CEC), carbonate cementation, volcanic and igneous minerals and glauconite; - for improved saturation modelling

Clay & Mica mineralogy

  • Quantify each clay type, derive Total Clay
  • Kaolin polytypes; low-high crystallinity, halloysite, dickite,
  • Fe:Mg ratio of chlorites; to identify clinochlore or chamosite
  • Ammonium content in illites; an indicator of hydrocarbon migration and organic maturity
  • Illite polytypes; distinguish 1M and 2M types, to help identify authigenic/detrital origin
  • Illite/smectite ratios; gives information on temperature history
  • Smectite discrimination; identify Fe, Mg and Al types
  • Mica types; Paragonite, muscovite, phengite

Carbonate identification

  • Differentiate dolomite, calcite, aragonite and siderite

 
Hydrocarbon detection

  • Identify and characterise hydrocarbon type – to indicate conditions of deposition and thermal maturity.
  • Changes in mineralogy between oil and water legs
  • Map distribution of hydrocarbons in heterogeneous reservoirs

Facies mapping

  • Identify subtle changes in facies
  • Find sand-sand interfaces
  • Discriminate the sources of reservoir sands from variations in mineralogy

Other

  • Improved selection of Thin Section, XRD, SEM etc
  • Optimise brine composition
Accurate spatial mapping of formation damage


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